1992년 전공 지리 기출 문제 92-1번 해설(정치지리)

1992년 전공 지리 기출문제 해설겸.

문제

 

92-1 종교 분쟁 지역과 분쟁 당사자가 잘못 연결 된 것은?

① 북아일랜드- 카톨릭교도와 성공회교도간의 대립

② 카슈미르 – 힌두교도와 이슬람교도간의 대립

③ 레바논 – 기독교도와 이슬람교도간의 대립

④ 키프로스- 그리스 정교도와 카톨릭 교도간의 대립

레바논 분쟁

The civil war in Lebanon was a civil war in Lebanon from 1975 to 1990. There were between 150,000 and 230,000 deaths. A quarter of the population, or one million, were injured and 350,000 were displaced.

historical background

Throughout World War I and World War II, Lebanon, where the surrounding Arab states were independent and historically Christians, became one of the few Christendom centers in the Middle East. Originally, the area of ​​Lebanon was called "Little Lebanon", which is based on the territory of Fallaaddin, the lord of Deleuze, who ruled the land in the time of the Ottoman Empire. France, which has long been regarded as a "real Lebanon," but became a de facto sub-continent after World War I, is beyond the original Lebanese territory (Sole Lebanon) to be called the "Great Lebanon" , Northern Lebanon and Tripoli, and southern Lebanon. This was one of the policies of France's partition to stop the Lebanese independence movement, including the Maronite. This has become a fundamental event in Lebanon's civil war.

Religious background

Lebanon was formed after the First World War, with the Christendom of Lebanon, which accounted for 51% of the population, and the next largest Sunni Muslim alliance. And they signed an agreement that the president should always be elected from the Maronite to ensure the superiority of the Christians, and that the Sunni and Sunni speakers should be elected from the Shiites to ensure the Arab and Muslim tendencies of Lebanon. With the surge of Muslims in the 1970s, Christians changed their composition rate to just over a third. The Muslims then demanded more powerful powers, such as the empowerment of the prime minister. Therefore, the Maronite felt the crisis consciousness and organized the militia and began to respond to Islam.

On April 13, 1975, the PLO guerrillas attacked a church in Beirut and killed many Christians. (In April 1975, a Christian right-wing Palangha militia attacked Palestinian guerrillas, and some Muslims responded to this by saying that the civil war broke out in Lebanon.-Understanding of Middle Eastern politics 1)

(Despite the absence of a Palestinian refugee raid on April 13, 1975, the civil war in Lebanon would have happened someday ...) There is a book that says, "It is a question of asking whether a chicken is first." - Middle East Modern History)